PART I: Questions about World History

Chapter 1: Questions about World History Utopia and Dystopia (1) Project Ito's Harmony

Q01 How do we place world history in the context of Earth’sistory? Perspective (1) The Anthropocene

Q02 Why did civilization develop in the Eurasian continent and not the in American continent?　Perspective (2) Viruses

Q03 When did "world history" begin? Perspective (3) Mongols

Q04 Why were the Kamakura Warriors able to repel the Mongolian Empire? The Mongol Invasion

Q05 Why was Japan capable of becoming a capitalist nation?　An Ecological-historical View of Civilization

Q06 What type of countries progress economically?　Perspective 4: The Narrow Corridors

Q07 How do we construct “world history”?　The historical viewpoint of heaven's destiny

Q08 What do we see when we look at history upside down?　Upside Down World History

Q09 How can we unite world history from Western and Eastern, including Japanese histories?　Four Whys of this book

Q10 Gewalt (the German word for Violence: State Violent machines and International Order)

Q11 Gold (Substantive backing of economic value)

Q12 God (value and the basis of people's minds) Sense of Subjectivity

Part II: 20 Years of Sino-American Cold War

Chapter 2: The Emergence of the U.S.-China Sino-Cold War (2000-2020)

Utopian Dystopia (2) "Silent City" by Ma Bo Yong

Q13 In the digital age, which will win: democracy or tyranny? Democratic Politics v Tyranny

Q14 How do you see the clash of hegemony between the U.S. and China? Emerging Digital Despotism

Q15 Will emerging digital despots grow economically in the future? The Digital Gershenkron Model

Q16 Will the U.S. returns to Domesticity?　 Digital Monroeism

Q17 Why did Trump supporters stomp the U.S. Capitol? The Attack on the U.S. Capitol

Q18 Why did the U.S. pull out in Afghanistan (U.S. Troops Afghanistan Withdrawal)?　

20 Years in Afghanistan

Q19 Why did the Soviet Union invade Afghanistan in 1979?　40 Years in Afghanistan

Q20 Why did Japan fight Russia?　200 Years in Afghanistan

Part III: 100 Years of Pax Americana

Chapter 3: The End of the Cold War and the Plaza Accord (1981-2000)

Utopia/Dystopia 3) J.G. Ballard's "Ride to Paradise

Q21 What was Pax Americana? Pax Americana

Q22 Did liberal democracy finally achieves victory at the end of the Cold War between the U.S. and the Soviet Union?　End of the Cold War

Q23 Was the disunification of the Soviet and Eastern European communist regimes a failure of the "socialist experiment"? The U.S. Strategy to Dismantle Communist Regimes

Q24 Why did the Middle East region descend into chaos? The Middle East Democratization Project

Q25 Why did the Lehman Shock occur?　Lehman Shock

Q26 What did Reaganomics produce?　Reaganomics

Q27 What were the objectives and consequences of the Plaza Accord? International Macro Policy Coordination

Q28 Why do Japanese become poor?　Yen deflation theory

Q29 How do you view the "East Asian Miracle"? Economic Growth in East Asia

Chapter 4: Fifty Years of the Nixon Shock (1961-1980)

Utopian Dystopia 4) Philip K. Dick, The Man in the High Castle

Q30 How did the Nixon Shock diplomacy affect American diplomacy?　Kissinger Diplomacy

Q31 Why did the Nixon Administration stop the gold-dollar exchange?　Nixon Shock

Q32 What was the axis point of the world economy? U.S. Treasury securities standard

Q33 What did the oil shocks (primary and secondary) undertake to the world economy?　

The 1st Oil Shock

Chapter 5: Unveiling the World War II Myth (1941-1960)

Q34 How do you see the Anglo-American shift in hegemony?　Alternation of Hegemony

Q35 Why did World War II arise?　The Origins of World War II Debate

Q36 Why did the Great Recession of the 1930s generate World War II? The shift to a block economy

Q37 Why did Chamberlain approve of Nazi Germany's annexation of Czechoslovakia?　

Appeasement

Q38 Why did the U.S. remain nationalist until the attack on Pearl Harbor?　

American isolationist diplomacy

Q39 What was the purpose of the Lend-Lease Arms Act?　

Arms Lending Act

Q40 What is the difference between the economic conflict of interest in American and British proposals for the Bretton Woods Agreement?　Keynesian and White proposals

Q41 How did Eiichi Shibusawa attempt to achieve cooperation with the U.S. in the Pacific Issues Study Group?　Pacific Issues Study Group

Q42 What was the nature of the prewar Japanese state? The Japanese Capitalism Debate

Chapter 6: The Versailles-Washington Regime (1921-1940)

Utopian Dystopia (5) Zamyatin, - it’s cut/ make it complete

Q43 What is the Versailles-Washington System?　The Versailles-Washington System

Q44 What is the "Peace of Carthage" (Keynes)?　The Transfer Problem (War Debt Compensation Problem)

Q45 How did the Dawes draft help solve the transfer problem?　Dawes Proposal

Q46 Was the gold standard restored during the interwar period? Rebuilt gold standard

Q47 What is the Little League of Nations?　Shikoku Borrowers

Q48 Why did Japan uplift the gold ban?　Gold Lifting

Part IV: 300 Years of Pax Britannica

Chapter 7: The Meiji Restoration and World Capitalism (1820-1920)

Q49 How do you see Pax Britannica in 300 years?　The British Empire

Q50 What is the significance of Meiji Restoration in the history of world capitalism?　

Meiji Restoration (1868-1912)

Q51 Was it a low-ranking samurai who brought about the Meiji Restoration?　

Shiba's "historical view

Q52 What was the mechanism of the international gold standard? International Gold Standard

Q53 Why was Britain able to continue foreign investment despite a trade deficit?　

International Multilateral Settlement Mechanism

Q54 How did the British expropriate India?　The "Jewel in the Crown"

Q55 What did Pax Americana conquer from Pax Britannica? Foreign Exchange Reserves

Q56 Why did the Meiji government deposit money in London? Foreign regular coins

Chapter 8: The Rise of America (1750-2021)

Utopia/Dystopia 6) Kenichi Sato, America's Second Civil War

Q57 What was the economy like in colonial America? Triangular Trade

Q58 Why did Bostonians throw tea into the harbor?　American Revolutionary War

Q59 How did the invention of the cotton reeling machine expand American slavery?　

Cotton plantations

Q60 Were slaves "freed" in the Civil War?　Civil War

Chapter 9: The English Revolution and the Industrial Revolution (15th century-1850)

Utopian Dystopia (7) "Paradise Lost

Q61 What does economic growth differ from country to country?　Economic Growth

Q62 What is the Malthusian Cycle?　Population

Q63 What was the system of British feudal agriculture? Three-field farming

Q64 How did British agriculture change?　Manufacture

Q65 Why was England able to transform from feudalism to capitalism?

Agricultural Revolution

Q66 How did British agriculture become capitalist?　Three-partition system

Q67 Why did the transition from pre-modern to modern take place? Puritan Revolution

Q68 Was the English Revolution a "Revolution from Above" or a "Revolution from Below"?　Honorary Revolution

Q69 What is Gentleman's Capitalism? Financial Revolution

Q70 What kind of foreign policy did Britain, a fiscal-military state, adopt?　Financial Revolution

Q71 Did the Industrial Revolution improves the standard of living of the British people?　

The Standard of Living Debate

Q72 What did the Industrial Revolution bring to the world?　The Industrial Revolution

Q73 Did black slavery creates the Industrial Revolution in England? The Williams Thesis

PART V: 800 Years of Pax Mongolica

Chapter 10: Modern East Asia and the British East India Company

Utopian Dystopia (8) Thomas More, Utopia

Q74 Was there a different model of development for East Asia than Western Europe and the U.S? East Asian Capitalism

Q75 Did the origin of capitalism in East and West Eurasia begin at the same time?　

Western Europe and East Asia

Q76 How did Asia develop intra-regional economic trade? Intra-Asian Economic Network Theory

Q77 Was Asia "poor"?　Asian Products

Q78 What role did the Bank of Japan play in the world economy?　Bank of Japan

Q79 What does tea culture mean for British capitalism?　Tea imperialism

Chapter 11: Pluralistic Development of Asian Economies (16th-20th Centuries)

Q80 Why did Mongol domination of Eurasia cease?　Yuan Dynasty

Q81 Was the Mongol defeat due to "kamikaze"?　The Yuan Enemy

Q82 What is the meaning of "Suho ripen, and the world will be satisfied"?　

Jiangnan Economy

Q83 Why did the Ming Dynasty suffer from Northern captivity in Southern Japan?　

Northern POWs in Southern Japan

Q84 Why was the economy of the early Qing Dynasty deflated? Kangxi deflation

Q85 Why was the Chinese economy unable to overcome the "Malthusian Cycle"?　

The Great Divergence

Q86 Why did the British Industrial Revolution cause the Opium War?　Opium War

Q87 What were the contradictions of the Bakuhan system?　Tempo Reforms

Part VI: To West, To East

Chapter 12: "Westphalia" as a fiction

Q88 Is "Westphalia" the starting point of the modern international order? Treaty of Westphalia

Q89 Why did the knight-led expansion of Europe occur in the 11th century?　

Layen System – what is LAYEN system?

Q90 How do you see the turnabout of the East and West?　Crusades, Reconquista, and the Spanish Empire

Q91 Why did France convert from feudalism to absolutism while England converted from feudalism to capitalism?　French Absolute Monarchy

Q92 Why did capitalism begin to emerge at both ends of Eurasia in the 16th century?　

World System Theory

Chapter 13: 800 years from the perspective of GOD (the heart) NISHIHE HIGASHIH

Utopia/Dystopia (9) "Under the Skin" by Chouhei Kambayashi

Q93 "Tatar Yoke" or "Tatar Peace"? Soviet and Eastern European Communism

Q94 Is democracy of "Western" origin? – confusing question? The American Revolution and the French Revolution

Q95 Are Europa and Asia, Democracy and Presidency in Conflict? – confusing question? Democratic and Presumptuous Government

Q96 Aren't you terrified of US-China "Armageddon"? The Bible and Revelation

Q97 Did Luther put up the 95 Articles?　Reformation

Q98 How did Samurai birth? Kamakura Renaissance

Q99 Did Shinran has a Protestant ideology? King Tamehon

Q100 Can the underworld nation survives the crisis of the universal homogeneous nation?　The Duel between You and the World

Utopian Dystopia 10 Ranjo Miyake, Pets